AmerITGrads: Software Development, Custom Websites, Graphic Design, Computer Service and Installation.   welcome websites graphic design software development installation & support [knowledge-base] archives about us contact us   college students employment   employees clients         Clearing some things up.       Websites   Graphic Design     Good things to know:   Alt Tag Applet Banner Breadcrumb CSS Cookie Flash Footer Navigation Frames JavaScript Root RSS Section 508 Target Alt Tag - An attribute that provides a text description of the content of an image. It is used in place of an image by text and audio browsers, or if the user has disabled image display (typically due to a slow Internet connection). Applet - A programme that runs inside another application such as as web browser. The programme starts when the page it is contained within is downloaded. Applets are often used to create features including news bars (tickers) or more sophisticated interfaces than those supported by the HTML standard. Java is an example of a coding language in which applets can be created. Banner - An image typically shwon at the top of a webpage. Along with animation, contemporary banners often use simple forms of interaction as a lure, taking advantage of plug-ins such as Flash and Shockwave to create banner-based games. Breadcrumb - Breadcrumb navigation (also referred to as a ‘breadcrumb trail’), locates the current webpage in the context of a navigation path. CSS - The Cascading Style Sheets specification is a computer language that is used to write formatting instructions (rules). These rules tell a browser how webpage content should look in terms of layout and style. Cookie - A preference file written to the user’s computer when they access a website. Cookies are commonly used to store account information that can be used when the website is revisited at a later date. For example, if the layout or content of a website can be customised, a cookie could be used to ‘remember’ the user’s preferred background colour or news source. Only the website that created the cookie file can use the information it stores. Flash - A plug-in and web development application from Macromedia. Files created in Flash combine animation, sound and interaction and take advantage of a vector-based format to minimise file size. Flash Generator takes advantage of the application architecture to produce Flash elements dynamically. Footer Navigation - Often displayed on every webpage and as such is global navigation. However, rather than linking to content sections, footer navigation typically links to administrative content; copyright statements, terms of use, legal disclaimers, website feedback links, etc. Footer navigation also tends to be presented as text links. Frames Frames are used to display two or more webpages as a single webpage. A frameset specifies the webpages to display in each section (frame) of the parent webpage. Frames are commonly used to centralise navigation. A menu is displayed in one frame with content pages displayed in another. As a user moves through the website, content webpages are updated but the navigation remains unchanged. JavaScript - A client-side scripting language. It is often used to supplement the standard browser GUI elements (such as pulldown menus, check boxes and buttons) to create more sophisticated interface elements such as: navigation roll-overs, drop-down and fly-out menus. Root - The root is the entry level directory of a website. For example the root directory of the Ameritgrads website is http://www.ameritgrads.com/. The root directory typically contains the homepage and directories for the main sections of the website and is accessed when a user types in a website address (URL). RSS - Really Simple Syndication is a standardised dialect of XML that allows content from one site to be republished (syndicated) by another. Typically used when creating a newsfeed, a RSS-aware program can check a RSS document for recent changes, e.g. to retrieve the latest headlines from a news provider. Section 508 - An amendment to the United States Workforce Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Signed into law in 1998, this legislation requires that electronic and information technology developed or purchased by the US Federal Government is accessible by people with disabilities. Target - The target of a hotspot will tell the browser where it should open the hyperlink at. Targets can specify new windows, parent frames and much more.     Good things to know:   Bezier Dodge DPI Filter Kerning Lossless Opacity Rasterize Resolution Vector Bezier - The bezier (or Pen) tool draws curved line segments that can be reshaped by changing its anchor points and/or direction lines. Dodge - To bleach (lighten) a part or the whole of an image. DPI - (Dots Per Inch) DPI is the number of dots (or pixels - PPI) that fit horizontally and vertically into a one-inch measure. The more dots per inch, the more detail is captured and the sharper the image. Filter - A filter is applied to images or art works to easily create special effects or to achieve a look that would be too difficult to create manually. Kerning - Adjusting the lateral (horizontal) space between letters. Lossless - Refers to a form of data compression where the detail is retained and no data is lost after file downsizing. The lossless compression method is commonly used in TIFF and GIF formats. Opacity - The density of a color or tonal value. The opacity of an image or object can range from transparent (0% opacity) to opaque (100% opacity). The ability to edit the opacity of individual objects allows the designer to create images that seem to flow into and through one another. Rasterize - An image is said to be rasterized when converted from vector image to a bitmapped image. When opening a vector image in a bitmap-based editing program, you are usually presented with a dialog box of options for rasterizing the image. Resolution The resolution of an image is an important factor in determining the attainable output quality. The higher the resolution of an image, the less pixilated it will be and the curves of the image will appear smoother. Vector - A graphic image with curves and lines defined by mathetmatical forumlas. Images created in Illustrator and Freehand (graphic design software) are vector graphics, used for print. They are usually exported to be bitmap images for use on the Web.                 Software Development       Good things to know:   API Beta C# Database Debug(ing) Exception Framework Function GUI Java .NET OOP Open Source Scripting SDK Source Code SQL SQL Server API (Application Programming Interface) - Software's way for providing applications to use their system resources by using "Application Programming Interface" or API. This is usually defined by an extensive list of functions, classes, variables Beta - A letter in the Greek alphabet used to describe the state of an application in development. This is means that although the software may be functional some software bugs may still exist or feature of the application may not yet be functional. C# (C-Sharp) - A programming language provided by Microsoft's .NET framework. This language is used to write both stand alone software and the background logic to some websites. Database - An Application that manages data and allows fast storage and retrieval of that data. This is essentially where you data is store for retrieval from programs or websites. Debug(ing) - The process of debugging involves finding software bugs by extensively utilizing a pice of software. Exception - An exception is a hardware generated condition which is triggered when processing fails for some reason. Exceptions are important to solving programming issues during the debug phase as well as finding bugs after the initial release. Framework - A collection of possible operations that can be used to develop new software while conforming to standards. A framework may also contain information about SDKs (Software Developers Kits) or APIs (Application Programming Interface) to other applications. Function - A sequence of code that performs a calculation and returns a value. GUI (Graphical User Interface) - This is a term used to describe the visual interface that an application provides. For Example: In MS Windows the desktop is part of your GUI as it provides you a visual interface to things such as your hard drive and applications. Java - An object-oriented programming (OOP) language developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems in the early 1990s. It has been very successful in both the Enterprise business world and on mobile phones. .NET - A framework that is part of Windows and provides a controlled environment for developing and running applications. OOP (Object Oriented Programming) - Object Oriented Programming (OOP) is a method of developing software that models the real world using object. For example a driving simulation might have road objects, vehicle objects and possibly human objects. Open Source - Applications that come with full Source Code that you can use. Scripting - A type of programming language that is processed through an interpreter provided by the executing interface. For Example: JavaScript is web scripting language that can be process by FireFox, a web browser, to render functionality on your website. SDK (Software Developers Kit) - A library of software that helps you develop applications and utilities. Source Code - Source code is the human readable instructions that a programmer writes. SQL (Structured Query Language) - A programming language that is used in relational databases to manipulate and retrieve data. SQL Server - A relational database developed and sold by Microsoft.                                                 AmerITGrads | 30 West 3rd St | 2nd Floor | Williamsport, PA 17701 ©2007 AmerITGrads

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